쓰레기 트럭 컴팩터의 작동 원리 | 리어 로더 다짐 시스템 설명
Understanding how a 쓰레기 트럭 압축기 works can help buyers, operators, and fleet managers make smarter decisions when choosing the right waste collection vehicle. Although the rear loader looks simple from the outside, its internal compaction mechanism is a combination of hydraulic power, structural engineering, and continuous mechanical movement. Below is a clear breakdown of how the rear loader compactor system handles waste, from loading to full compression.
How Waste Enters the Hopper and Begins the Compaction Cycle
Every cycle begins when trash is dumped into the rear hopper, whether through manual loading or an automated bin lifter. The hopper is built with wear-resistant steel to withstand constant impact and abrasive waste.
Once the hopper reaches a certain fill level, the operator activates the packing cycle. This is where the compaction system truly gets to work.
Hydraulic Packing Panel: The First Stage of Waste Compression
The first movement inside the compressor is driven by a set of high-pressure hydraulic cylinders, typically operating between 16–22 MPa. These cylinders power the packing blade or panel, which swings downward to push loose waste toward the body of the truck.
During this initial compression:
- Loose waste is compacted into a denser layer
- Air pockets are removed
- The trash is positioned for secondary compression
This is why the packing panel plays a crucial role in the overall garbage compression mechanism.
Slide Panel or Scraper Blade: Deep Compression into the Body
After the initial push, the system relies on the slide panel (sometimes called the scraper blade) to finish the job. This component moves horizontally into the body to push the compressed waste deeper inside, increasing density and maximizing total loading volume.
Longer-stroke cylinders result in a higher compaction ratio, which directly affects operating efficiency.
Typical rear loader compaction ratios range from 1:3 to 1:5, depending on hydraulic pressure and body size.
Hydraulic System Powering the Entire Compaction Mechanism
The heart of how a 쓰레기 트럭 압축기 works lies in its hydraulic system.
Most systems include:
- Gear or piston hydraulic pump
- Multi-way control valve
- Dual-acting compaction cylinders
- High-pressure tubing and safety valves
Consistent hydraulic pressure ensures a stable, smooth packing cycle.
Fleet operators often monitor heating, seal wear, and oil cleanliness to maintain system longevity.
Why Rear Loaders Achieve High Loading Efficiency
The combination of sequential blade movement and continuous hydraulic pressure allows a rear loader to hold three to five times more waste than loose loading. This high-density compaction makes rear loaders ideal for:
- Municipal waste routes
- Residential collection
- Compacted recyclables
- Mixed household waste
The more efficient the compression process, the fewer trips the truck needs to make, reducing fuel consumption and operating costs.
Maintenance Practices for a Reliable Compactor System
To keep a garbage compactor performing at maximum efficiency, operators should focus on:
- Cleaning the hopper daily
- Checking hydraulic lines for leaks
- Keeping hydraulic oil clean and replaced on schedule
- Monitoring wear strips and blade edges
- Ensuring safety interlocks work properly
Good maintenance can extend the compactor’s working life by several years.
